Harrison Birtwistle's new solo harp work, Crowd, is richly made. It has the sort of aggressive emotional force still too often lacking in the harp repertoire - if I want fairies, I will search among the fag-ends at the bottom of my garden. Alongside the drama are finely woven textures, so touching because they are at once ethereal and well-made: like Eliot's Chinese jar, moving perpetually in its stillness.
Birtwistle's powerful contrasts are deliberately composed modally, to involve very few pedal changes. Harps are like pianos, a bit, with a similar range and stave, but every time we need a black note, we have to change our pedals - and then we also have to damp, to avoid the changing slide being heard. It is a mechanical process, both at odds with the of-the-moment absorption that is most musical (even at our most ecstatic moments, we have at the back of our minds, "and in a minute I must apply the D#"), and with the primal resonance of the harp. Unless we damp the strings artificially, they resonate beyond our control: not exactly for a minim, or a breve, but for some time after we have set the note in motion, until the vibrations slacken off and the music dies.
Footfalls echo in the memory / Down the passage which we did not take / Towards the door we never opened / Into the rose-garden."
Crowded as the work is, many-coloured, the title also refers to the Old English crowd, a generic term for plucked stringed instruments. According to Birtwistle, the title mirrors the harmonic structure's interest in the essential, the fundamental: the resonance at the harp's heart, and the earliest instruments.
Birtwistle's concept, of resonance being the harp's most important aspect, has been playing about my mind as I work on Faure's Une Chatelaine en sa Tour, one of our best pieces. It is also one of the most difficult, with pianistic figurations that require an outstanding hand to sound well on the harp, and famously fiendish pedalling (some people have totted up the pedal changes. I have always been too busy doing important other things, like, I don't know, finding rose-patterned folders to store my tax returns in, but anyway, there are a lot; even twang twang twang has been known to cock them up very occasionally).
Difficulties aside, though, Une Chatelaine is also so much to do with resonance, full of long lines, harmonic echoes, and half-damped twilight connections. If you can pull them off, they create ethereally noble music, refined, so fine: romantic and impassioned too, at the wild denouement where you have to pull the harp to its limit without once twanging it too far.
You need so much control (in Crowd, too) to allow these resonances to sing: to give exactly the right amount of tone to each string, or to create resonating dialogues (between treble and bass, or different notes within the hand). This is what moves me, the control of the resonance. The harp'll resound, after all, if I fall over it and knock the soundboard; a baby at a wedding can make the bass wires sound OK by strumming them fistily. It is only though tight control that the resonances can become complex, or deep: Paul Lansky's "symphony of resonance", where "Things we do and experience
have resonance. It can die away quickly or last a long time; it can
have a clear center frequency or a wide bandwidth; be loud, soft or
ambiguous. The present is filled with past experience ringing in
various ways."